Research Article
Eye-Tracking as a Diagnostic Tool for Dyslexia ADHD Stroke and Alzheimer’s Using Average Fixation Duration Metrics
Zohreh Mehravipour*
,
Melika Mehravipour
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
59-66
Received:
7 July 2025
Accepted:
17 July 2025
Published:
15 August 2025
Abstract: Average Fixation Duration (AFD), a central metric in eye-tracking analytics, quantifies the time a viewer’s gaze remains on a fixed point. This study investigates AFD as a multidisciplinary biomarker of cognitive and motor function across three key populations: children with developmental dyslexia, adults with acquired dyslexia following stroke, and individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Using a combination of case studies, published datasets, and Excel-based computational models, we examine how prolonged fixation durations signal increased cognitive effort, impaired gaze transitions, or neurodegenerative disruption. In dyslexic children, elevated AFD values during reading tasks correspond to decoding struggles and increased processing load. For stroke survivors, AFD reflects impaired saccadic control and hemispheric neglect, particularly on contralesional visual targets. In Alzheimer’s patients, prolonged fixations indicate diminished attentional focus and degraded motor-planning circuits. AFD thresholds are proposed for clinical interpretation across age and condition. Two longitudinal case studies show post-therapy improvements in AFD values following phonics-based and visual-scanning interventions. These findings support the integration of AFD metrics into cognitive diagnostics and rehabilitation monitoring systems. By translating eye-tracking outputs into actionable insights, AFD enables more responsive, data-driven support for learning, recovery, and neurocognitive assessment.
Abstract: Average Fixation Duration (AFD), a central metric in eye-tracking analytics, quantifies the time a viewer’s gaze remains on a fixed point. This study investigates AFD as a multidisciplinary biomarker of cognitive and motor function across three key populations: children with developmental dyslexia, adults with acquired dyslexia following stroke, an...
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Review Article
The Role of Cognitive Science in Forensic Science to Study Criminal Behaviour
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
67-74
Received:
2 July 2025
Accepted:
28 July 2025
Published:
25 August 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijpbs.20251003.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The intersection of cognitive science and forensic science represents a dynamic and rapidly evolving frontier in the quest to understand, predict, and ultimately prevent criminal behaviour. Cognitive science, a multidisciplinary domain encompassing psychology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, and anthropology, offers a robust framework for decoding the mental and behavioural processes underlying criminal acts. As forensic science increasingly moves beyond the analysis of physical evidence to consider the psychological dimensions of crime, cognitive science provides essential tools and methodologies for analyzing intent, decision-making, deception, and memory. This paper critically examines this interdisciplinary integration by highlighting concrete forensic applications: lie detection through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), memory reliability assessments in eyewitness testimony using cognitive interview techniques, decision-making analysis in criminal profiling through dual-process theory, and the use of executive function models to assess impulse control in offenders. Neurocognitive tools such as fMRI and electroencephalography (EEG) further support the analysis of brain activity linked to deceptive behavior and moral judgment. By enhancing our understanding of how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to their environment, cognitive science enriches forensic investigations, supports judicial accuracy, and informs preventive and rehabilitative strategies in criminal justice systems.
Abstract: The intersection of cognitive science and forensic science represents a dynamic and rapidly evolving frontier in the quest to understand, predict, and ultimately prevent criminal behaviour. Cognitive science, a multidisciplinary domain encompassing psychology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, and anthropology, offers ...
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